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The Irrepressible Rothbard
Essays
of Murray N. Rothbard
Edited by Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr.
EXHUME! EXHUME! OR, WHO PUT THE ARSENIC IN ROUGH-N-READY'S CHERRIES?
So what if it didn't work out? It was a great theory. Like Miss
Clara Rising, I, a long-time fan of historical whodunits, had long
been suspicious of the remarkably sudden death of Zachary Taylor,
twelfth president of what used to be called These United States.
The difference is that Miss Rising, a descendant of Old Rough-and-Ready,
had the moxie to do something about it. Getting the necessary bureaucratic
clearances, she plunked down $1,200 to get old Zack's body disinterred
and exhumed, to find out at last what done him in.
The facts of the case are these. Zack, though a man with no political
experience, was inflicted on the country in 1848 by the increasingly
desperate Whig Party, purely on the strength of his being a hero
of the Mexican War. It proved, indeed, to be the last presidential
election won by the Whigs. At a July 4 picnic, after eating a bowl
of cold cherries in milk, he was taken violently ill and died several
days later. As in every other case of a president dying in office,
his death was minimized. The invariable rule has been: if a president
is not visibly shot, then his death, though sudden, must have been
by natural causes. If actually and visibly shot, then the perpetrator
must have been a "lone nut." God forbid that more than one person
might have been involved in the assassination, because that, heaven
forfend, would be a "conspiracy theory," and we all know that the
Establishment in the U.S. has virtually outlawed any such theory.
Or, at the very least, it has been quite beyond the pale of correct
thinking and permissible discourse.
To return to old Zack: his death had always seemed peculiar to
me. If ptomaine or whatever had run rampant at this presidential
picnic in the July heat of our nation's capital, why is it that
only Zack Taylor, of all the picnickers, had caught this disease?
Was the stomach disease aimed only at him? In short, was he poisoned?
It's peculiar that no one else seems to have even thought of this
possibility. Miss Rising reveals that the Taylor family has long
been rife with such speculation, but it took until 1991 for a family
member to do something about it. The suspicion is that Taylor had
been put under by a massive dose of arsenic, and the body was now
exhumed to test for that poison.
Naturally, Establishment historians, as always, sniffed at the
very idea. Take, for example, the reaction of Professor Roger Brown,
distinguished expert, at American University, on the history of
violence in the United States. "If you're going to construct a theory
of assassination, you've got to find somebody who would stand to
gain from killing Taylor, I'm not sure that she has constructed
a persuasive hypothesis about what somebody would gain." Cutting
through the convoluted English, this strikes me as an astonishingly
silly remark. Look, Professor Brown: In any death of a president,
there is always one person who clearly stands to gain: the vice
president, in this case Millard Fillmore, who, because of these
possibly lethal cherries vaulted to the august office of the presidency.
Is this being outrageous? But as everyone knows, in any murder
or suspicious demise, the first suspect that the police investigate
is the person who most stands to gain by the death. Who is the beneficiary
of granddaddy's will? Etc. Now, this does not of course mean that
the main beneficiary was actually responsible for grandpa's death.
But at least the theory has to be investigated. So why not also
in a sudden death of someone who means more to most of us than one
wealthy individual: the president of the U.S.? Shouldn't the vice
president always be the first suspect, his whereabouts checked,
etc.? So why has this never happened? Why, for example, did not
Lyndon Baines Johnson immediately become the first prime suspect
in the indubitable murder of John F. Kennedy?
If anything, Miss Rising's own theory of the assassination is a
bit too broad. Zachary Taylor, though born in Orange County, Virginia
and himself a slaveholder, surprised everyone by leading the battle
to prohibit any admission of western slave states into the Union.
He also opposed the Compromise of 1850, which managed to delay the
War Between the States for a number of years. So Miss Rising postulates
that Southern slaveowners bumped off this dangerous traitor to his
region and culture. Well, that's certainly interesting, but where's
the evidence? Surely Millard Fillmore is a more plausible a priori
bet.
It turns out that the exhumation shows only normal trace quantities
of arsenic in Old Rough-n-Ready's remains. Shucks. The terrible
thing is that this result might discredit the exhumation movement.
It shouldn't. Let's find out, at long last. Let's follow the path
blazed by the courageous Miss Rising; let's exhume the body of every
president who died in office, and let's take another more scientific
look.
Let's go down the list. First was "Old Tippecanoe" William Henry
Harrison, another verdamte war hero (the War of 1812), who
allegedly spoke too long at his inaugural, walked out in the rain,
caught the flu, and died, only a month after his inaugural. Supposedly
natural causes. Humph. Let's exhume Old Tippecanoe and look for
poison. Beneficiary? John Tyler, a Democrat when Harrison was a
Whig. Another Southern Democratic plot?
Then came Zack Taylor. The third death in office, of course, was
the sainted Abraham Lincoln. Oddly, even though his killing was
clearly a conspiracy, the Establishment has injected into the popular
consciousness the image of a lone nut, John Wilkes Booth, declaiming
wildly after he shot Lincoln. Moreover, the conspiracy was hushed
up, military courts delivering summary justice in secret. There
is a substantial revisionist review that the major conspirator was
Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, who contrived to have every one
above him in the line of succession to the presidency shot at (only
the assassination of Lincoln was successful). I don't know exactly
how an exhumation of Lincoln's body would help test the Stanton
thesis, but since the body is being exhumed anyway (to test for
Marfan's Syndrome, and why should anyone care whether Abe had Marfan's
Syndrome or not?), they may as well poke around further and see
what they can find. It sure can't hurt.
Next came James A. Garfield, bumped off by someone eternally tarred
with the epithet "disappointed office-seeker." Another lone nut.
Charles Guiteau was apparently driven off his nut by not getting
a job in the Garfield administration, and this was then successfully
used by the Establishment to inflict the monstrous Civil Service
system on this country, protecting every bureaucrat for life in
his invasion of the pockets and the liberties of the taxpayer. Let's
exhume and investigate. Beneficiary? Vice President Chester A. Arthur,
a New York corruptionist and protectionist, opposed to Garfield's
relatively laissez-faire wing of the Republican Party. Or maybe
the civil service reformers were responsible, using Guiteau as an
excuse for pushing through their Civil Service.
Next president to die in office was William McKinley of Ohio, long-time
Rockefeller tool. Another lone nut was responsible, the "anarchist"
Leon Czolgosz, who, like Guiteau, was quickly tried and executed
by the Establishment. Even though Czolgosz was considered a flake
and was not a member of any organized anarchist group, the assassination
was used by the Establishment to smear anarchism and to outlaw anarchist
ideas and agitation. Various obscure anti-sedition and anti-conspiracy
laws trotted out from time to time by the Establishment were passed
during this post-McKinley assassination hysteria. Beneficiary? The
vaulting to power of Teddy Roosevelt long-time tool of the competing
Morgan (as opposed to Rockefeller) wing of the Republican Party.
Teddy immediately started using the anti-trust weapon to try to
destroy Rockefeller's Standard Oil and Harriman's Northern Securities,
both bitter enemies of the Morgan world empire. Exhume McKinley,
and also start a deep investigation of the possible role of Teddy
and the Morgans. Was Czolgosz only a lone nut?
Next sudden death in office was that of my favorite president of
the twentieth century, Warren Gamaliel Harding, in the camp of the
Rockefellers. His death was quickly dismissed by the Establishment
as of natural causes, but Gaston Means, a Secret Service agent in
the Harding White House, wrote a sensational book, The Strange
Death of Warren Harding, charging that Harding was poisoned
by his wife, for two possible, though somewhat contradictory reasons:
(a) Harding's notorious womanizing, and (b) to spare Harding the
scandal of the Teapot Dome revelations, which were just emerging.
Means's charge was brusquely dismissed on the grounds that he was
an unreliable character. Perhaps, but so what? Surely, the grounds
for exhumation are overwhelming. Chief beneficiary of Harding's
death? Vice President Calvin Coolidge, member of the prominent Massachusetts
family long in the Morgan ambit. (Hmmm. Another sudden death that
replaced a Rockefeller person with a Morgan man?!)
The next presidential death in office was of course that of the
revered Franklin Delano Roosevelt. This is perhaps the most mysterious
death of all. FDR's health had long been swathed in layer after
layer of official and medical lies. And when he died, in his fourth
term, the official mystery was unprecedented: his coffin was covered,
and an autopsy was never performed on the body. All sorts of rumors
abounded: that he died of syphilis, or of a gunshot wound, either
self-inflicted or inflicted by someone else. Was Mrs. Lucy Mercer
there when he died? And what was the role of the mysterious Russian
painter, Mrs. Elizabeth Shoumatoff? The cause of historical truth
and justice cries out for exhumation and deep analysis of FDR's
remains.
Main beneficiary of FDR's death was, of course, Harry S. Truman.
In broader political terms, a pro-Commie president, manipulated
as we know now by brain truster, top foreign policy adviser, and
unregistered KGB agent Harry >the Hop" Hopkins, was suddenly replaced
by the first launcher of the Cold War, at the behest of such venerable
Establishment "Wise Men" (as they modestly called themselves): Henry
L. Stimson, W. Averill Harriman, Dean G. Acheson, and John J. McCloy.
Exhume, exhume!
Finally, of course, matching FDR in mystery is the last president
to die in office; the shining prince of Camelot, whose shine gets
more tarnished every year: John Fitzgerald Kennedy, allegedly assassinated
by lone nut Lee Harvey Oswald, who in turn was promptly assassinated
by another, independent lone nut: Jack Ruby! This is the shakiest,
most convoluted Establishment theory of all: for the two lone nuts
had to be independent, couldn't have known each other so that this
kooky official theory could work. So much so in fact that the mysteriously
sudden deaths of all those who knew both Oswald and Ruby and who
knew that the two were linked, is one of the most powerful counter-indications
to the official doctrine. Here the number of books and investigations
rebutting Establishment theory is legion, although orthodox writers
still act as if dissenters are somehow tetched: powerful works from
such writers as Mark Lane, the bullet-and-body revisionism of David
Lifton (in his Best Evidence), the work of the smeared Jim
Garrison, etc.
Here the case for a new investigation with subpoena power is overwhelming.
Not only is there persuasive evidence that the Parkland autopsy
report was to say the least deeply flawed, as well as the possibility
that the Kennedy body was switched, but also we find that Kennedy's
brain is mysteriously "missing" from the National Archives. Hell,
libraries lose books all the time, right? Exhume, investigate!
Beneficiary? As I indicated, Lyndon Baines Johnson, who as Texan
students of his career know, was not above using a little hanky-panky
to advance his political career. And what about that intrepid Kennedy
assassination researcher who, analyzing the motorcade with Zapruder,
etc. films, concluded that Lyndon hit the deck of his car 2.7 seconds
before the sound of the first shot? More broadly, the assassination
of Kennedy removed from power, by force and violence, a representative
of the "Yankee" Eastern Establishment, and replaced him by a leader
of the Sun Belt (Florida, Texas, southern California) "Cowboys"
as explained in Carl Oglesby's perceptive work, The Yankee
and Cowboy War. On this analysis, the Watergate Affair consisted
of a counter-coup leveled by the Yankees, installing Establishment
rep Gerald Ford, and ousting Cowboy (southern California) Richard
Nixon (see Carl Oglesby, The Yankee and Cowboy War, Kansas
City: Sheed Andrews & McMeel, 1976).
All this is not only of fascinating interest to the history buff.
Who knows: there might come a time when yet another beloved president
dies, unexpectedly and quite suddenly, in office. What we need to
adopt is a mind-set that, if and when such an event occurs, we better
be prepared to cast a cold eye and ask all the right and the upsetting
questions.
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